Christianity began in the 1st century A.D as a Jewish sect in Judea, but quickly spread throughout the Roman Empire. Despite early persecution of Christians under the Roman Empire, it later became the state of the religion. Christians believe that Jesus Christ, as the Messiah, was anointed by God as savior of humanity and hold that Jesus' coming was the fulfillment of messianic prophecies in the Old Testament. Most scholars assume the date of birth of Jesus’ between 6 and 4 B.C. Christianity is a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on life and teachings of Nazareth. Christianity is the largest religion in the world, with an estimated 2.2 billion adherents. This religion was mostly practiced in the United States. Lastly, the holy book for this religion is the Bible.
The second largest religion in the world is Islam, with 1.8 billion adherents. Most historians believe that the Islamic religion began in the 7th century, they also believe that it originated in Mecca and Medina. Islam is also an Abrahamic monotheistic religion which teaches that there is only one God (Allah), and that Muhammed is the messenger of God. The followers of this religion are known as Muslims. Muhammed was supposedly born on April 22nd, 571 A.D. He died on June 8th, 632 A.D. The holy book for the religion of Islam is, the Qur’an. Lastly, around 62% of the world's Muslims live in the Asia-Pacific region (from Turkey to Indonesia), with over 1 billion adherents. The largest Muslim population in a country is Indonesia, a nation home to 12.7% of the world's Muslims, followed by Pakistan (11.0%), and India (10.9%).
Hinduism is the world's oldest religion, according to many scholars, with roots and customs dating back more than 4,000 years. Most Hindus have a personal gods or goddesses such as Shiva, Krishna, or Lakshmi to whom they pray regularly. The three most important Hindu gods (forms of Brahman) are: Brahma- known as the Creator. Saraswathi is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music and all the creative arts. Hinduism has over 1.1 billion adherents, most of the followers are located in India and Nepal. Hinduism is the third largest religion in the world. The holy book for this religion is the Vedas. The Vedas is the most ancient sacred texts of the Hindu religion are written in Sanskrit. Hinduism does not just have one sacred book but several scriptures. The Vedas scriptures guide Hindus in their daily life. They also help to preserve the religious dimensions of family and society.
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists. Buddhists seek to reach the state of nirvana, following the path of the Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, who went on a quest for Enlightment around the sixth century B.C. There is no belief in a personal god. Buddhists believe that nothing is fixed or permanent and that change is always possible. The core beliefs in Buddhism in practice are: The Four Noble Truths, The Noble Eightfold Path and the Five Precepts. There are three different types of Buddhism, the Theravada Buddhism: The School Of The Elders. Theravada is the oldest school of Buddhism. The second type of Buddhism is. Mahayana Buddhism: The Great Vehicle. This type of Buddhism is the most popular branch of Buddhism today. The last and third Buddhism is, Vajrayana Buddhism: The Way of The Diamond.
Judaism is the religion of the Jewish people. It is ancient, monotheistic, Abrahamic religion with the Torah as its holy book or foundational text. This holy book is the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the Pentateuch. The Torah has a range of meanings. It can most specifically mean the first five books of the 24 books of the Tanakh. The belief of Judaism is that Jesus is God, the Son of God, or a person of the Trinity, is incompatible with Jewish theology. Jews did not believe Jesus of Nazareth did not fulfill messianic prophecies that establish the criteria for the coming of the messiah. Judaism has 14.4 million adherents, making it the fifth largest religion in the world.
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